Psoriasis is a chronic, non-communicable skin disease. This disease is recurrent. Very rarely, psoriasis can affect the joints, nails and mucous membranes. All ages are susceptible to psoriasis. According to statistics, there is a tendency for the disease to develop in childhood.
Psoriasis is an absolutely non-chronic infectious disease. Most dermatologists believe that psoriasis is a systemic disease. In their opinion, the disease not only affects a specific area of the skin, but also involves almost all systems of the body (endocrine, immune, nervous) in the pathological process.
From the outside, psoriasis may appear to be a mild disease. But in reality this is far from the case. The disease is dangerous. Deaths are known in dermatology. With timely or improper treatment, psoriasis affects the entire body, leading to serious complications. For example:
- psoriatic arthritis
- swollen lymph nodes
- conjunctivitis
- mucosal damage
- flattening and damage to nail plates
- spontaneous pain
- amyotrophy
- rarely - heart damage
As a general rule, psoriasis does not interfere with the patient's normal rhythm of life. The only discomfort is peeling and inflammation of the skin. Unfortunately, it is impossible to recover from this disease, but it can completely stop its development or prevent relapses from occurring. To do this, it is sufficient to fulfill all the prescriptions of the doctor and to undergo systematic treatment in a hospital.
Causes of psoriasmr
There is no specific cause for the disease. There are several factors that can lead to the development of psoriasis. There is no clear opinion on one or the other reason for dermatology. There are many variations. Most dermatologists are of the opinion that the disease is genetically predisposed. It is impossible to clearly confirm or refute that inheritance is the main cause. There have been cases where the whole family has had psoriasis.
In other words, if a mother suffers from psoriasis, it is not necessary for her offspring to necessarily show signs of this disease. But it is also impossible to rule out genetic predisposition. For example, if a grandmother suffers from this disease, it is possible that grandchildren will never be diagnosed with psoriasis. The question of the causes of the disease at the gene level remains open to this day.
The next factor that many dermatologists say can cause psoriasis is the disease of the endocrine system. For example, adrenal dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, pituitary dysfunction. The rate of signs of psoriasis disease in patients with pathologies of the endocrine system is quite high. Therefore, there is a link between diseases and a number of examples demonstrate this.
<2_img_rxx>In addition to the above reasons, there are a number of endogenous factors. For example:
- Delayed infectious diseases such as tonsillitis. According to statistics, 17% of patients surveyed believe that psoriasis is a consequence of angina complications.
- Chronic infectious pathological processes such as laryngitis or tonsillitis can also trigger psoriasis.
- Long-term use of certain drugs: interferons, NSAIDs, beta-blockers, and others.
- As strange as it may sound, pregnancy can lead to psoriasis. Significant hormonal changes occur in a woman’s body, which often trigger a sleeping pathological process in the body.
- It is impossible to rule out the negative effect of excessive consumption of ultraviolet radiation on the human body, i. e. prolonged exposure to the scorching sun or frequent visits to the solarium.
Of course, in addition to endogenous factors, there are a number of exogenous causes. For example, skin diseases (dermatitis, mycosis, pyoderma), mechanical damage to skin integrity, allergic dermatitis.
Interesting fact. Psoriasis is significantly more common in HIV-infected people than in healthy people. It is important to note that women are more prone to psoriasis than the male population. Dry, thinned and sensitive skin is another predisposing factor.
You should know that if a person has immune system disorders, this pathology often provokes psoriasis. Immune disorders and psoriasis are closely related.
There are many causes for psoriasis, but none would completely lead to the development of the disease.
Types and forms of psoriasis
Psoriasis is a multiform disease. According to statistics, people usually suffer from only one form of psoriasis at a time. But there are cases where a person had multiple forms of psoriasis at once. Quite often in dermatological practice and in cases where one form of psoriasis passes smoothly into another. Such "rebirth" usually leads to a sudden cessation of prescribed treatment.
In dermatology, there are two main groups of types of psoriasis: non-pustular and pustular.
Pustular forms- Barbera psoriasis, plantar psoriasis of the soles and palms (see photo), Tsumbusha psoriasis, ring pustulosis. This form of psoriasis has traditionally been generalized and localized. The last pustular psoriasis can occur in absolutely any area of the skin. There are cases where pustules form on the plaques of psoriasis vulgaris.
You can consider Allopo acrodermatitis as an example of an independent disease. As a general rule, this disease is characterized by pustules and crustal lesions of the distal phalanges of the fingers and toes. Another example of an independent disease of the localized form of psoriasis is pustular psoriasis of the soles of the feet and palms. It is important to note that some dermatologists tend to believe that this disease is a form of pustular bactericide.
Generalized pustular psoriasis includes:
- impetigo herpetiform,
- psoriasis Tsumbusha,
- exanthemic generalized psoriasis.
As a general rule, men aged 15-35 suffer from Tsumbush psoriasis. This disease is much less common in women.
Exanthemic pustular psoriasis occurs suddenly and suddenly. In most cases, there is a close association with other infectious diseases, such as tonsillitis. The rash is mainly localized on the trunk. More often children and adolescents are susceptible to the disease, less often adults.
Herpetiform impetigo is a serious disease that can lead to death. As a general rule, this disease is common in pregnant women, more often in the second trimester. But in dermatological practice, there are still extremely rare cases of the disease in men, non-pregnant women, and children.
Non-pustular psoriasis. . . In other words, we can say simple psoriasis. This form of the disease differs from others in a stable course. In the non-pustular form of psoriasis, almost the entire surface of the body is affected. This type includes:
- erythroderm psoriasis
- psoriasis vulgaris, or common or plaque.
Usual psoriasis is quite common, with up to 90% of patients with psoriasis being a vulgar form of the disease.
Psoriasis erythroderma is a serious disease that often leads to a fatal outcome - the death of the patient. The disease impairs the function of thermoregulation and reduces the barrier function of the skin. These conditions lead to pyoderma or sepsis.
Classification and symptoms of psoriasis
There is no single classification for psoriasis generally accepted by dermatologists. There is still a debate about how to classify this skin disease. Some sources have their own list of forms of psoriasis. The most common classification of the disease:
- Guttate psoriasis
- Pustular psoriasis
- Psoriaticus onychia
- The mucosa is psoriasis
- Exudative psoriasis
- In psoriasis of the sole and palm
- Arthropathic psoriasis
- Intertriginous psoriasis
- Psoriatic erythroderma
- Seborrheic psoriasis
- Vulgar psoriasis
- Pustular bacterium
- Tsumbusha psoriasis
Arthropathic psoriasisinitially almost asymptomatic. Patients sometimes experience only mild pain in the joints. Over time, the pain intensifies, becoming sharp and fierce. The affected joints swell. If the disease is not treated, the joints become deformed and their movement is restricted. As a general rule, arthropathic psoriasis is often associated with rheumatoid type pain. In winter, the disease worsens, meaning that seasonality is characteristic of such psoriasis.
Pustular psoriasis. . . Uncommon, only 1% of the total weight of patients with psoriasis falls on this type of disease. In most cases, the rash is symmetrical and localized to the soles of the feet and palms. Pustular psoriasis is common and localized. The latter form is more common than the former. Generalized pustular psoriasis is severe. In dermatology, deaths due to sepsis and severe body poisoning are common.
Psoriatic erythroderma. . . Severe psoriasis resulting from exacerbation of pre-existing psoriasis. This disease can be the result of an exacerbation of the underlying disease and arises first. Secondary erythroderma psoriasis usually develops in 2% of people with this disease.
Often, this disease occurs spontaneously, but cases of psoriasis, which are the consequences of improper, irritating treatment of dermatosis during the acute period of the disease, are not ruled out. Patients note an increase in abnormal foci of desamination, an increase in temperature, and dehydration. In dermatological practice, deaths have occurred in psoriasis erythroderma.
Guttate psoriasis- Among all forms of psoriasis, children and adolescents are the second most common disease. It is characterized by the appearance of a large number of dry, purple, and small elements on the skin that rise slightly above the surface of the intact skin. The rash is in the form of drops, circles or tears. As a general rule, the elements cover the entire human body, but are "most densely" located on the thighs. In most cases, the appearance of teardrop-shaped psoriasis is triggered by a streptococcal infection, such as streptococcal pharyngitis.
Psoriaticus onychia. . . This disease is characterized by changes in the appearance of the nail plate, both on the hands and feet. First, the nail color changes, sometimes the nail bed together. The nails are gray, yellow or whitish. Dots or tiny spots appear on the nails, and sometimes even under the nail plate itself. The nail plate thickens, streaks and brittleness appear. Another clinical manifestation of the disease is thickening of the skin around the nail bed. A difficult outcome of psoriasis onychia is the spontaneous loss of the nail.
The mucosa is psoriasis- pustular psoriasis or a type of psoriasis. The mucous membranes of the face, tongue and lips are most commonly affected, and the mucous membranes of the genitals and eyes are less common. With the pustular form of psoriasis, the rashes are more extensive, a large area of mucosa is affected, and geographical glossitis is observed. In psoriasis, flat, whitish-gray papules appear on the mucous membranes, towering over the intact surface.
In psoriasis of the sole and palm. . . This disease is a form of localized pustular psoriasis. As a general rule, this form is chronic and recurrent. There are cases in the skin when Barbera psoriasis is associated with plaque psoriasis at the same time. Pustules appear on the inside of the hands and / or feet. Over time and as a result of medical therapy, the vesicles-pustules dry out. Such dried elements then form dense brownish crusts.
Intertrigue psoriasis. . . This disease is characterized by the appearance of rashes, especially in large wrinkles of the skin. For example, the intergluteal, wrinkles between the fingers, the fold of the groin, the armpit, and the area under the breast. Intertrigue psoriasis is more common in patients with diabetes mellitus, VSD (vegetative-vascular dystonia), obesity who do not follow simple hygiene rules.
Erosive and weeping erythematous-papular edematous foci form in the folds. An important feature of the elements of the disease is the detachment of the stratum corneum along the periphery. Intertrigue psoriasis is very similar to epidermophytosis, candidiasis, or rubromycosis. It is important to note that the clinical picture of candidiasis or dermatomycosis is much brighter and sharper than that of psoriasis.
Seborrheic psoriasis. . . In terms of symptoms, seborrheic psoriasis is very similar to seborrheic eczema. As a general rule, psoriasis rash has the same localization as elements of seborrheic eczema. May:
- nasolabial folds
- scalp
- earphones
- chest area
- interscapular region
In seborrheic psoriasis, areas of the head appear where severe peeling of the skin is observed. An important feature of this disease is the development of a kind of psoriatic crown. The skin lesion occurs from the forehead and spreads smoothly to the scalp, in such a simple way the outlines of the crown appear. It should be noted that dandruff is an alarm signal that "talks" about the development of seborrheic psoriasis.
Behind the auricle, red eczema usually forms and purulent crusts are often layered. Rashes located on the chest and face are characterized by grayish-yellow scales. Psoriasis rash always causes severe itching. It is important to note that seborrheic psoriasis is difficult to diagnose because it is often confused with seborrhea.
Exudative psoriasis. . . This type of psoriasis is more common in children and the elderly. The risk of developing the disease is quite high in patients with endocrine and immune system disorders. Exudative psoriasis often affects the healthy skin of overweight or diabetics.
This disease is characterized by an excessive accumulation of exudate in the papule, which gradually comes to its surface, forming yellowish crusts. When the bark is removed, a weeping and bleeding surface appears. The scales dry out over time and lie on top of each other, forming a fairly dense and massive conglomerate.
The main feature of exudative psoriasis is the clear localization of the abnormal foci. As a general rule, it affects the lower limbs and large folds the most. The rash causes the person the strongest itching and burning sensation. The clinical picture of this disease is sharp and acute.
Vulgar psoriasis. . . It has different names in different sources. For example, blackboard, ordinary, simple. This type of psoriasis ranks first in terms of prevalence - it is seen in almost 90% of patients with psoriasis. The disease usually begins quite violently. The first symptoms appear almost immediately.
The appearance of the characteristic elements characteristic of vulgar psoriasis, which rise slightly above the untouched areas of the skin. The rash is inflamed, red and hot to the touch. The elements are thickened, covered with a silvery-white, scaly, dry film (leather) that peels off easily.
You should know that the gray bark can be easily removed, leading to damage to the bottom layer of the papule, which is provided with a number of small containers. This usually results in a smaller backlog. The lesions involved are called psoriatic plaques in dermatology.
Such plaques tend to coalesce, leading to an increase in their size. Over time, memorial plaques are formed, which have a special name - "paraffin lakes. "Outbreaks of psoriasis associated with common psoriasis are highly flaky. Treatment requires long-term, inpatient treatment.
Pustular bacterium. . . According to statistics, this disease occurs mainly in young people (from the age of 20) and middle-aged people (up to the age of 50). The exact etiology of pustular bacteriide has not been established. The disease is thought to develop in the context of a strong and persistent allergy associated with infectious foci. For example, carious teeth, tonsillitis or tonsillitis.
An outbreak of psoriasis affects the skin of the palms and soles. The pustular bacterium is chronic, recurrent. The first foci appear if on the palm, then in focus, if on the sole, then on the arch. The elements of primary psoriasis are small, not exceeding the size of the needle head. Over time, the pustules dry out and form lamellar crusts. Patients experience severe itching and pain in the affected areas.
The paroxysmal course of the disease is characteristic of pustular bacteritis. However, inflammation occurs in all areas affected by psoriasis. The foci of psoriasis gradually grow, and after a few weeks, almost the entire surface of the palm or sole is involved in the pathological process. As a general rule, the pustular bacterium lasts for years and has permanent relapses.
Nutrition for psoriasis
Patients with psoriasis should simply follow a diet and adhere to the principles of proper nutrition. The main function of the diet is to maintain a normal acid-base balance. But it is important to note that the alkaline background of the body should prevail slightly against the acidic.
Of course, the balance of the body depends on what foods patients with psoriasis consume on a daily basis. It is important to know for all people with this disease that 70% of their daily diet should be accounted for by products that form alkalis in the body. For acid formation - up to 30%. Put more simply, alkali-producing products have to be consumed four times more than acid-forming ones.
List of alkaline constituent products in the body:
- Any vegetable except rhubarb, pumpkin and brussels sprouts. It is important to note that potatoes, peppers, eggplants and tomatoes are strictly prohibited.
- Fruit should not be excluded. The point is not to use prunes, blueberries, currants and cranberries. It is worth noting that bananas, melons and apples should not be consumed at the same time as other foods.
- Be sure to drink fresh vegetable juices from carrots, beets, parsley, celery and spinach.
- Daily juice of grapes, pineapple, pear, orange, papaya and grapefruit, mango, lemon and apricot. It is important to add lemon juice to your food.
List of foods that people with psoriasis should not eat (acid form):
- You should completely eliminate or minimize your consumption of foods that contain starch, fats, sugars, and oils. These usually include the following foods: potatoes, beans, cream, cheese, cereals, meat, dried peas. An unbalanced daily intake of these products inevitably leads to the onset of acidic reactions in the blood. The result is a deterioration in well-being.
- Proper balance of food is important. There are many foods that are forbidden to consume at the same time. For example, meat products consisting of foods high in sugar, as well as sweets and starch, should not be combined.
- It is important to limit your sugar intake. Preservatives, vinegar, colors and various food additives should be included in the diet as little as possible.
- The main point is that the consumption of alcohol and alcoholic beverages should be completely ruled out.
Every patient with psoriasis should remember that proper eating is an important condition in treating this disease. Baking must be replaced by steaming or boiling. It is necessary to eat foods that are subject to gentle processing.
Treat psoriasis
Psoriasis should be treated during hospital exacerbation and on an outpatient basis. Diet is an important part of treatment. The days of fasting are useful.
In addition to diets and special treatments, it is important to carefully monitor skin hygiene. For washing it is best to use tar soap, you can use baby soap. You should bathe as often as possible with celandine, violet tricolor or hop decoction.
If there are no contraindications, you can try to treat psoriasis and folk remedies. Do not experiment and self-heal. Only a doctor has the right to advise which folk remedy is useful and necessary.
Safe and effective ointments for psoriasis:
- A packet of butter (but not spreadable) butter should be placed in a pan with crushed propolis (10 g). Put on the fire and cook after boiling for 15 minutes. After - thoroughly filter the mixture and allow to cool. This medicine should only be stored in the refrigerator. Method of application - rub the affected area several times a day.
- In a clay bowl, grind the fresh flowers of St. John’s wort (20 g), celandine root, propolis, marigold (10 g). Vegetable oil is added to the resulting mixture. Store in a cool place, protected from direct sunlight. Method of application - thoroughly lubricate psoriasis outbreaks 3 times a day.
- In a liter of white wine, we boil the gallbladder and kilograms of seafood weighing more than three kilograms on a rather low flame for half an hour. Cool, strain, then add a glass of olive oil. Method of application - wash the affected areas thoroughly with egg soap and wipe dry. Then lubricate the batteries with this mixture. The treatment lasts until the medicine runs out.
- Thoroughly mix the celandine powder and petroleum jelly (by weight) in equal parts. Method of application - the ointment is placed in a thin layer on the rash and left for up to three days. You should then take a short break for about 4 days. Treat it until the psoriasis disappears completely.
- A tablespoon of vegetable oil is added to the beaten homemade eggs (2 pieces). The mixture was stirred again and 40 g of acetic acid were added. Store the ointment in a container with a tight-fitting lid. Method of application - once a day, preferably at night, treat outbreaks of psoriasis.
- Medicinal mud is an equally effective and widespread treatment for psoriasis. The sludge should be heated to 38 degrees and applied to the affected skin. This procedure should be performed in the evening, preferably at bedtime. After 30 minutes, the impurities are removed with warm water. It is important to note that after rash, all rashes should be treated with saline. The body needs to dry out and the excess salt falls off. You need to go to bed without washing or hydrating your skin. And only in the morning lubricate the psoriasis elements with cream. The recommended course is 20 procedures (every other day).
Whatever the popular way to treat psoriasis, this should be discussed with your dermatologist.